Internal Connector ( Inside the computer Case )

POWER  CONNECTOR

24 Pin ATx Main Power :-  Power Supply to on Motherboard Components.

4/8 Pin EPS 12V :- Provide additional power to CPU.

Molex ( 4-Pin Peripheral ) :- Older connector for drives and fans.

DATA Connectors 

SATA Data :- Connects storage drives to motherboard ( 7-pin )

M.2 Slot :- For NVMe SSDs ( Directly on Motherboard ) 

PCI Slots :- For Graphics cards and expansion cards ( x1, x4, x8, x16 ) 

Fan and Cooling Connectors 

3/4-Pin Fan Headers :- Connect case / cooler fans to motherboard.

AIO Pump Header :- For Liquid cooling pumps. 

Front Panel Connectors 

Power SW :- Computer power Button.

Reset SW :- Reset Button.

HDD LED :- Power indicator light.

USB Header :- Connect front panel USB ports.

Audio Header :- For front panel audio / mic jacks.

External Connectors ( On the Computer Case )

USB Ports 

USB-A :- Standard rectangular Ports ( USB 2.0, 3.0, 3.1, 3.2 )

 USB-C :- Ovel reversible port ( Higher Speed )

USB Mini / micro :- Older mobile device connectors. 

Video Outputs 

HDMI :- Digital Video / Audio.

Display Port :- High performance digital video. 

 

VGA :- Older analog video ( Blue Connector ) 

DVI :- Digital / Analog video ( White Connectors )

 

Audio Ports 

3.5mm Jacks :- For headphones, mic, line-in/out. 

Optical Audio ( TOSLINK ) :- Digital Audio Connectors.

Network Ports

RJ-45 Ethernet :- Wired network connection. 

Other Ports

PS/2 :- Older keyboard and mouse ports ( Purple / Green )

Thunderbolt :- High - speed data/video ( often USB-C shaped ) 

eSATA :- External SATA for storage devices. 

Full Name

1) ATx :- Advance Technology Extended.

2) PATA :- Parallel Advanced Technology Attachment. 

3) SATA :- Serial Advanced Technology Attachment.

3) FDD :- Feature-Driven Development.

4) ODD :- Optical Disc Drive.