Troubleshoot a Desktop Computer That Repeatedly Restarts

Step 1: Check for Overheating

1. Power off the computer and unplug it.
2. Open the case and clean dust from fans, vents, and heatsinks using compressed
3. fans (CPU, GPU, case) to ensure they spin freely. Replace if faulty.
4. air.
5. Inspect Check thermal paste on the CPU/GPU. Reapply if dried or cracked.
6. Boot into BIOS (if possible) to monitor hardware temperatures. High temps (>90°C) indicate cooling issues.

Step 2: Test the Power Supply Unit (PSU)

1. Check connections: Ensure all PSU cables are securely attached to the motherboard and components.
2. Test with a known-good PSU (if available) to rule out power issues.
3. Use a multimeter to check PSU voltages (12V, 5V, 3.3V rails) if comfortable. Replace if readings are unstable.

Step 3: Diagnose RAM Issues

1. Reseat RAM: Remove and reinsert memory sticks.
2. Test one stick at a time: Remove all but one RAM module. Swap sticks to identify faulty RAM.
3. Run a memory test: Use Windows Memory Diagnostic (via Safe Mode) or a tool like MemTest86 from a USB drive.

Step 4: Inspect Hardware Connections

1. Re-seat components: GPU, storage drives, and cables.
2. Check for loose screws/shorts: Ensure no metal parts are contacting the motherboard.

Step 5: Boot into Safe Mode

1. Access Safe Mode:
• Repeatedly press F8/Shift + Restart during boot (Windows 10/11).
• If successful, uninstall recent software/drivers or perform a system restore.
2. Disable automatic restarts (if in Safe Mode):
• Open System Properties > Advanced > Startup and Recovery.
• Uncheck Automatically restart.

Step 6: Check Storage Health

1. Test the hard drive/SSD:
• Use CHKDSK (Command Prompt) or tools like CrystalDiskInfo to check SMART status.
• Replace the drive if errors are detected.

Step 7: Examine Software/Drivers

1. Uninstall recent updates/drivers in Safe Mode.
2. Scan for malware using an offline tool like Windows Defender Offline.
3. Repair Windows:
• Use the installation media to run Startup Repair or sfc /scannow.

Step 8: BIOS/UEFI Check

1. Reset BIOS to defaults (via BIOS menu).
2. Update BIOS (if possible) using a stable version from the manufacturer’s website.

Step 9: Test the Power Button

1. Disconnect the power button from the motherboard and use the reset button to power on.

Step 10: Reinstall Operating System

1. Backup data and perform a clean OS install if all else fails.

Final Step: Professional Help

• If issues persist, suspect a failing motherboard or CPU. Consult a technician for component testing/replacement.